2-D crustal structure of Changbaishan-Tianchi volcanic region determined by seismic traveltime inversion     

王夫运  张先康  杨卓欣 《地震学报(英文版)》2002,15(2):152-161

IntroductionTrial-and-error forward modeling of wide-angle seismic reflection/refraction traveltimes for 2-D velocity structure is extremely time-consuming, even for experienced data interpreters. For wide-angle seismic reflection/refraction experiments that consist of numerous shots along a single line, it is quite difficult through repeated trial-and-error forward modeling to construct a 2-D model that fits the data within acceptable limits (Cerveny, et al, 1977; ZHANG, et al, 200 . In ad…  相似文献   

由兰德斯和赫克托矿地震的地震波触发的地震     

J．Gomberg P．A．Reasenberg P．Bodin R．A．Harris王宝善  阮爱国许忠淮 《世界地震译丛》2002,(3):23-27

加州1992年兰德斯7.3级地震和1999年赫克托矿7．1级地震的接近和相似允许人们对触发地震的假设进行检验，而这在以前是不可能的。赫克托矿地震证实了对兰德斯地震所提出的推断：瞬时、振荡的“动态”形变以地震波的形式辐射，能触发地震活动速率的增加(Hill，et al，1993；Anderson，et al，1994；Gomberg and Bodin，1994；Spudich，et al，1995；Gomberg，1996；Gomberg and Davis，1996)。在本文中，我们对地震活动速率的空间和时间变化(Matthews and Reasenberg，1988)进行了量化。在兰德斯地震的北部地震活动速率增加，而对赫克托矿地震这种增加主要发生在震中以南。我们认为破裂方向性分别使兰德斯和赫克托矿断层的北方和南方动态形变提高，这可以由地震波速度场的不对称性得到证明。对于触发作用，动态和静态应力变化都很重要，距离较远处动态应力变化起主要作用。峰值波速证明了动态触发闽值的存在，并约束了动态触发闽值的范围。在大多数地区，这个阈值依赖当地的条件，从零点几到几MPa变化，超过静态闽值一个量级以上。在某些地点触发过程直到动态形变平息了之后才开始。这些观测现象的物理机制可能与导致液化和循环疲劳的机理相似。  相似文献   

Reconstruction of the climate in the Tianmu Mountain area, Zhejiang Province, in the last 160 years by ? 13C sequence of tree ring α-cellulose     

钱君龙  吕军  屠其璞  王苏民 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(5)

Based on cross-dating tree rings from the Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang Province, the tree rings α-cellulose δ 13C time series was measured. By spectrum analysis, the variation of tree-ring δ13C sequence shows a quasi periodicity of 4.4 years, which is coincident with the standard cycle of El Nino. After removing the long-term decrease trend of the δ13C variation related to atmospheric CO2 concentration, the response of the δ13C to climate elements was analyzed using meteorology data from a nearby weather station. The results suggest that there is a distinct relativity between high-frequency variation of tree ring δ 13C series and seasonal climate parameters, e.g. Temperature and precipitation, with a significant time-lag effect. In addition, the high frequency also reflects the strength change of the East Asian Monsoon. The multiple regression method was employed to reconstruct the historical climate, and to analyze the climate change and trend in the last 160 years in the northern Zhejiang Province.  相似文献   

全国各省市气象科技期刊文摘     

王永远 《山西气象》2002,(1)

１溃变原理———结构分析法在强对流天气中的应用《四川气象》２００１年第４期吴娟民航西南空管局气象中心预报室６１０２０２摘要溃变原理———结构分析法是欧阳首承教授经过三十多年的潜心钻研，研究出来的一套新的理论和方法。其核心就是要充分利用非均匀或不连续的真实信息，来预报天气演化的转折性变化，而天气演化的实质，既是大气涡旋转移式的演化。在天气预测的分析中，以涡动的旋矢性、风矢的不连续性、趋低温和反序量构成结构分析体系，在天气的转折性变化和雷暴、暴雨、大风等强对流天气的预测中取得了成功。２厄尔尼诺期间印…  相似文献   

宋达人在省局党组中心学习组学习十六大报告会上强调学习江总书记报告必须紧密结合辽宁气象部门实际          下载免费PDF全文

王奉安 《气象与环境学报》2002,19(4):48-48

本刊讯　记者王奉安　特约记者徐凤莉报道　省气象局局长、党组书记宋达人日前在省局党组中心学习组 (扩大 )学习十六大报告会上强调 :各级领导学习江总书记在十六大上作的报告 ,必须紧密结合辽宁气象部门的工作实际。学习会上 ,大家根据省局党组的要求 ,联系我省气象部门如何更好地实施人才战略和拓宽业务服务领域的实际 ,集中学习和研讨江总书记“全面建设小康社会 ,开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面”的报告。宋达人就我省气象部门人才情况、科技产业情况、财政收入情况、业务质量情况、拓展业务服务领域情况等作了题为“我省气象部门部分…  相似文献   

On crustal movement in Mt. Qomolangma area     

陈俊勇  王泽民  庞尚益  张骥  张全德 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(3):233-240

Mt. Qomolangma lies in the collision zone between the fringe of Eurasia plate and Indian plate. The crustal movement there is still very active so far. In the past three decades China carried out five geodetic campaigns in Mt. Qomolangma and its north vicinal area, independently or cooperatively with other countries, including triangulation, leveling, GPS positioning, atmospheric, astronomical and gravity measurements. On the basis of the observation results achieved in the campaigns the crustal movements in the area were studied and explored. A non-stationary phenomenon both in time and space of the crustal vertical movement in the area is found. There seems to be some relevance between the phenomenon of non-stationary in time and seismic episode in China. The phenomenon of non-stationary in space is possibly relevant to the no-homo- geneity of crustal medium and non-uniform absorption of terrestrial stress. The horizontal crustal movement in the area is in the direction of NEE at a speed of 6–7 cm per year, and the trend of strike slip movement is manifested evidently in the collision fringe of Indian plate and Qinghai-Xizang block.  相似文献   

Quantitative reconstruction of the lake water paleotemperature of Daihai Lake, Inner Mongolia, China and its significance in paleoclimate   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

沈吉  Ryo Matsumoto  王苏民  朱育新 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(9):792-800

By measuring Sr/Ca ratios of the ostracod shells (Limnocthere cf. inopinata) in sediments of the Daihai Lake, and combined with Sr²⁺/Ca²⁺ ratios of the lake water, this paper obtained paleosalinity of the lake water. Vaporizing experiment of the lake water in laboratory showed that there was a quantitative relationship between salinity and oxygen isotope. Using this relationship, oxygen isotope values of the paleo-lake water were calculated. By measuring the oxygen isotope of the authigenic carbonate in the lake’s sediments, and in combination with the oxygen isotope values of the paleo-lake water, the paleotemperature of the lake water was calculated. Finally, based on these proxies, the paleoclimate in the lake basin was explored.  相似文献   

沙坡头人工植被固沙区天然降水的入渗和分配研究   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5  

王新平  李新荣  张景光 《中国沙漠》2002,22(6):534-540

土壤、植被冠层与大气界面间(SVAT)物质传输过程日益成为水文学研究最感兴趣的领域,降水量的迁移与转换是非灌溉区SVAT主要的物质传输过程.干旱半干旱区稀疏灌丛蒸散量占降水量的90%以上,因此对降水入渗与水分在土壤内植物根际区再分配的研究显得十分重要.试验于2001年8月17日至9月30日在中国科学院沙坡头试验站进行,主要观测人工植被荒漠灌木柠条(Caragana korshinskii) 灌丛固定沙丘降水入渗与再分配过程.结果表明:在7次不连续降水过程中,土壤入渗深度与降水强度呈简单线性相关关系,土壤入渗速率约为降水强度的10倍.当次降水过程中降水强度小于0.46 mmh-1时,土壤入渗速率约为0 cm*h-1,此时的降水对沙区土壤基本上没有水分补给作用.受荒漠灌木柠条根系吸水作用的影响,其根系密集剖面深度40～140 cm内降水水分入渗积累不明显.降水入渗速率及入渗深度受土壤剖面初始含水率多寡而变化,干燥土壤剖面有助于提高瞬时入渗速率.降水以后随着时间的推移,人工固沙区微环境内空气温度、湿度等气象条件适宜,柠条生长进入相对旺盛阶段,其根系密集层140 cm深度处土壤含水率在总体上下降的过程中,表现出昼消夜长的趋势,试验期间翌日 8:00时土壤含水率值略高于前一日20:00时水分值 0.1%～0.3%.  相似文献   

人工固沙区一年生植物小画眉草种群异速生长动态研究   总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2  

张景光  李新荣  王新平  李金贵  赵亮  王刚 《中国沙漠》2002,22(6):607-611

通过对沙坡头人工固沙区一年生植物4 a的连续观测,我们得到对于一年生植物来讲水分竞争是个体分异的根本原因,种群中个体间的竞争主要是对有限水分的争夺.随着水分梯度的变化,小画眉草种群从一开始的没有竞争到为有限水分而发生的根系竞争.水分条件的暂时好转,个体又把大量能量用于建造茎杆、枝叶等支持组织,光竞争能力随之加强.发育出较多浅层须根系用于在降雨季节迅速吸收降水是一年生植物非常有利的一个竞争手段.  相似文献   

辽东地区有色金属矿山再轮找矿必要性与可行性分析     

于凤金  王恩德 《矿产与地质》2003,17(Z1):289-291

从矿山勘查与开发历史及现状入手,研究、分析了辽东地区开展新一轮找矿的必要性及可行性,进而提出再轮找矿的设想.  相似文献